Evaluation of Polyphenols, Antioxidant Activity, and Mineral Content in Honey Produced by <i>Apis mellifera</i> L. According to Floral Origin

Eddie Loyola-Gonzales; Josefa Bertha Pari-Olarte

doi:doi:10.11648/j.cbe.20240903.12

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Evaluation of Polyphenols, Antioxidant Activity, and Mineral Content in Honey Produced by Apis mellifera L. According to Floral Origin

Eddie Loyola-Gonzales^*

, Josefa Bertha Pari-Olarte

Published in Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (Volume 9, Issue 3)

Received: 8 November 2024 Accepted: 21 November 2024 Published: 3 December 2024

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Abstract

Background/Objectives: Honey is in high demand because of its nutritional value, therapeutic properties, and sensory characteristics. Honey varieties were evaluated according to their floral origin and physicochemical composition, and total polyphenols, antioxidants, and minerals were analyzed for conformity and preference. Methods: Seven honey samples were analyzed for physicochemical composition using the Official Methods of Analysis method, total polyphenols using the Folin–Ciocalteu method, flavonoids using the ferric trichloride method, antioxidant activity and inhibitory concentration using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method, and ferric reducing capacity using the ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) method. Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy was used to determine the mineral composition of the honey varieties. Results: The physicochemical compositions of the honey samples did not show significant differences and complied with national regulations. Total phenolic compound content was 336.9–1064.9 μg EAG/g, whereas flavonoids were between 0–151.9 μg EQ/g, with eucalyptus honey having the highest concentration. The antioxidant capacity measured using DPPH and FRAP was 0.095–0.186 and 0.168–0.654 mM TEAC/g, respectively. Variability was observed in the calcium (161.55 mg/kg in eucalyptus), magnesium (35.20 mg/kg in eucalyptus), potassium (901.17 mg/kg in eucalyptus), and sodium (172.18 mg/kg in pecan aroma) levels. Heavy metals did not exhibit significant values. The correlation between total flavonoid content and antioxidant capacity was weak; a strong correlation was observed between total phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity. Conclusions: The antioxidant activity, bioactive compounds, and minerals in honey vary according to its floral origin, which could be helpful in the pharmaceutical industry and gastronomy.

Published in	Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (Volume 9, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.cbe.20240903.12
Page(s)	43-51
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Honey, Antioxidant Activity, Polyphenols, Minerals

References

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Loyola-Gonzales, E., Pari-Olarte, J. B. (2024). Evaluation of Polyphenols, Antioxidant Activity, and Mineral Content in Honey Produced by Apis mellifera L. According to Floral Origin. Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, 9(3), 43-51. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cbe.20240903.12

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ACS Style

Loyola-Gonzales, E.; Pari-Olarte, J. B. Evaluation of Polyphenols, Antioxidant Activity, and Mineral Content in Honey Produced by Apis mellifera L. According to Floral Origin. Chem. Biomol. Eng. 2024, 9(3), 43-51. doi: 10.11648/j.cbe.20240903.12

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AMA Style

Loyola-Gonzales E, Pari-Olarte JB. Evaluation of Polyphenols, Antioxidant Activity, and Mineral Content in Honey Produced by Apis mellifera L. According to Floral Origin. Chem Biomol Eng. 2024;9(3):43-51. doi: 10.11648/j.cbe.20240903.12

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@article{10.11648/j.cbe.20240903.12,
  author = {Eddie Loyola-Gonzales and Josefa Bertha Pari-Olarte},
  title = {Evaluation of Polyphenols, Antioxidant Activity, and Mineral Content in Honey Produced by Apis mellifera L. According to Floral Origin
},
  journal = {Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering},
  volume = {9},
  number = {3},
  pages = {43-51},
  doi = {10.11648/j.cbe.20240903.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cbe.20240903.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.cbe.20240903.12},
  abstract = {Background/Objectives: Honey is in high demand because of its nutritional value, therapeutic properties, and sensory characteristics. Honey varieties were evaluated according to their floral origin and physicochemical composition, and total polyphenols, antioxidants, and minerals were analyzed for conformity and preference. Methods: Seven honey samples were analyzed for physicochemical composition using the Official Methods of Analysis method, total polyphenols using the Folin–Ciocalteu method, flavonoids using the ferric trichloride method, antioxidant activity and inhibitory concentration using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method, and ferric reducing capacity using the ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) method. Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy was used to determine the mineral composition of the honey varieties. Results: The physicochemical compositions of the honey samples did not show significant differences and complied with national regulations. Total phenolic compound content was 336.9–1064.9 μg EAG/g, whereas flavonoids were between 0–151.9 μg EQ/g, with eucalyptus honey having the highest concentration. The antioxidant capacity measured using DPPH and FRAP was 0.095–0.186 and 0.168–0.654 mM TEAC/g, respectively. Variability was observed in the calcium (161.55 mg/kg in eucalyptus), magnesium (35.20 mg/kg in eucalyptus), potassium (901.17 mg/kg in eucalyptus), and sodium (172.18 mg/kg in pecan aroma) levels. Heavy metals did not exhibit significant values. The correlation between total flavonoid content and antioxidant capacity was weak; a strong correlation was observed between total phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity. Conclusions: The antioxidant activity, bioactive compounds, and minerals in honey vary according to its floral origin, which could be helpful in the pharmaceutical industry and gastronomy.
},
 year = {2024}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Evaluation of Polyphenols, Antioxidant Activity, and Mineral Content in Honey Produced by Apis mellifera L. According to Floral Origin

AU  - Eddie Loyola-Gonzales
AU  - Josefa Bertha Pari-Olarte
Y1  - 2024/12/03
PY  - 2024
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cbe.20240903.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.cbe.20240903.12
T2  - Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
JF  - Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
JO  - Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
SP  - 43
EP  - 51
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-8884
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cbe.20240903.12
AB  - Background/Objectives: Honey is in high demand because of its nutritional value, therapeutic properties, and sensory characteristics. Honey varieties were evaluated according to their floral origin and physicochemical composition, and total polyphenols, antioxidants, and minerals were analyzed for conformity and preference. Methods: Seven honey samples were analyzed for physicochemical composition using the Official Methods of Analysis method, total polyphenols using the Folin–Ciocalteu method, flavonoids using the ferric trichloride method, antioxidant activity and inhibitory concentration using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method, and ferric reducing capacity using the ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) method. Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy was used to determine the mineral composition of the honey varieties. Results: The physicochemical compositions of the honey samples did not show significant differences and complied with national regulations. Total phenolic compound content was 336.9–1064.9 μg EAG/g, whereas flavonoids were between 0–151.9 μg EQ/g, with eucalyptus honey having the highest concentration. The antioxidant capacity measured using DPPH and FRAP was 0.095–0.186 and 0.168–0.654 mM TEAC/g, respectively. Variability was observed in the calcium (161.55 mg/kg in eucalyptus), magnesium (35.20 mg/kg in eucalyptus), potassium (901.17 mg/kg in eucalyptus), and sodium (172.18 mg/kg in pecan aroma) levels. Heavy metals did not exhibit significant values. The correlation between total flavonoid content and antioxidant capacity was weak; a strong correlation was observed between total phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity. Conclusions: The antioxidant activity, bioactive compounds, and minerals in honey vary according to its floral origin, which could be helpful in the pharmaceutical industry and gastronomy.

VL  - 9
IS  - 3
ER  -

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Author Information

Eddie Loyola-Gonzales

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, National University of San Luis Gonzaga, Ica, Peru

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9491-0456
Josefa Bertha Pari-Olarte

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, National University of San Luis Gonzaga, Ica, Peru

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0902-7061

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Loyola-Gonzales, E., Pari-Olarte, J. B. (2024). Evaluation of Polyphenols, Antioxidant Activity, and Mineral Content in Honey Produced by Apis mellifera L. According to Floral Origin. Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, 9(3), 43-51. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cbe.20240903.12

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ACS Style

Loyola-Gonzales, E.; Pari-Olarte, J. B. Evaluation of Polyphenols, Antioxidant Activity, and Mineral Content in Honey Produced by Apis mellifera L. According to Floral Origin. Chem. Biomol. Eng. 2024, 9(3), 43-51. doi: 10.11648/j.cbe.20240903.12

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AMA Style

Loyola-Gonzales E, Pari-Olarte JB. Evaluation of Polyphenols, Antioxidant Activity, and Mineral Content in Honey Produced by Apis mellifera L. According to Floral Origin. Chem Biomol Eng. 2024;9(3):43-51. doi: 10.11648/j.cbe.20240903.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.cbe.20240903.12,
  author = {Eddie Loyola-Gonzales and Josefa Bertha Pari-Olarte},
  title = {Evaluation of Polyphenols, Antioxidant Activity, and Mineral Content in Honey Produced by Apis mellifera L. According to Floral Origin
},
  journal = {Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering},
  volume = {9},
  number = {3},
  pages = {43-51},
  doi = {10.11648/j.cbe.20240903.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cbe.20240903.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.cbe.20240903.12},
  abstract = {Background/Objectives: Honey is in high demand because of its nutritional value, therapeutic properties, and sensory characteristics. Honey varieties were evaluated according to their floral origin and physicochemical composition, and total polyphenols, antioxidants, and minerals were analyzed for conformity and preference. Methods: Seven honey samples were analyzed for physicochemical composition using the Official Methods of Analysis method, total polyphenols using the Folin–Ciocalteu method, flavonoids using the ferric trichloride method, antioxidant activity and inhibitory concentration using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method, and ferric reducing capacity using the ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) method. Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy was used to determine the mineral composition of the honey varieties. Results: The physicochemical compositions of the honey samples did not show significant differences and complied with national regulations. Total phenolic compound content was 336.9–1064.9 μg EAG/g, whereas flavonoids were between 0–151.9 μg EQ/g, with eucalyptus honey having the highest concentration. The antioxidant capacity measured using DPPH and FRAP was 0.095–0.186 and 0.168–0.654 mM TEAC/g, respectively. Variability was observed in the calcium (161.55 mg/kg in eucalyptus), magnesium (35.20 mg/kg in eucalyptus), potassium (901.17 mg/kg in eucalyptus), and sodium (172.18 mg/kg in pecan aroma) levels. Heavy metals did not exhibit significant values. The correlation between total flavonoid content and antioxidant capacity was weak; a strong correlation was observed between total phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity. Conclusions: The antioxidant activity, bioactive compounds, and minerals in honey vary according to its floral origin, which could be helpful in the pharmaceutical industry and gastronomy.
},
 year = {2024}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Evaluation of Polyphenols, Antioxidant Activity, and Mineral Content in Honey Produced by Apis mellifera L. According to Floral Origin

AU  - Eddie Loyola-Gonzales
AU  - Josefa Bertha Pari-Olarte
Y1  - 2024/12/03
PY  - 2024
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cbe.20240903.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.cbe.20240903.12
T2  - Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
JF  - Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
JO  - Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
SP  - 43
EP  - 51
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-8884
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cbe.20240903.12
AB  - Background/Objectives: Honey is in high demand because of its nutritional value, therapeutic properties, and sensory characteristics. Honey varieties were evaluated according to their floral origin and physicochemical composition, and total polyphenols, antioxidants, and minerals were analyzed for conformity and preference. Methods: Seven honey samples were analyzed for physicochemical composition using the Official Methods of Analysis method, total polyphenols using the Folin–Ciocalteu method, flavonoids using the ferric trichloride method, antioxidant activity and inhibitory concentration using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method, and ferric reducing capacity using the ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) method. Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy was used to determine the mineral composition of the honey varieties. Results: The physicochemical compositions of the honey samples did not show significant differences and complied with national regulations. Total phenolic compound content was 336.9–1064.9 μg EAG/g, whereas flavonoids were between 0–151.9 μg EQ/g, with eucalyptus honey having the highest concentration. The antioxidant capacity measured using DPPH and FRAP was 0.095–0.186 and 0.168–0.654 mM TEAC/g, respectively. Variability was observed in the calcium (161.55 mg/kg in eucalyptus), magnesium (35.20 mg/kg in eucalyptus), potassium (901.17 mg/kg in eucalyptus), and sodium (172.18 mg/kg in pecan aroma) levels. Heavy metals did not exhibit significant values. The correlation between total flavonoid content and antioxidant capacity was weak; a strong correlation was observed between total phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity. Conclusions: The antioxidant activity, bioactive compounds, and minerals in honey vary according to its floral origin, which could be helpful in the pharmaceutical industry and gastronomy.

VL  - 9
IS  - 3
ER  -

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